Brief 9: Disease Burden Across Population Sub-Groups
By Markus Haacker, Gesine Meyer-Rath
June 2021
Key Points
- HIV has increased mortality and slowed population growth. As a consequence, GDP is lower and will remain lower than it would have been without the impact of HIV.
- The population living with HIV is ageing – owing to the scaling-up of treatment and hence longer survival (especially for women), success in reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and (in most countries) a decline in HIV incidence.
- HIV prevalence has been higher among women, mainly because of higher incidence. The share of women among people living with HIV is increasing in the region, driven by higher treatment coverage and hence longer survival among women.
- Within countries, the epidemic is often distributed unevenly. Understanding the distribution of HIV and of gaps in service coverage is crucial for devising effective and cost-effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Summary Briefs
The summary briefs provide an overview of three main areas of economic impact.
Master Slide Set
Policy Briefs
The policy briefs provide more detail on the evidence available on each of the topics.
1. The State of Programme Implementation to Reduce HIV Transmission & Aids-Related Mortality
2. Increased Health and Life Prospects and Their Economic Valuation
3. HIV, Population Dynamics and the Labour Force
4. Human Capital
5. Capital and Investment
6. Productivity and Employment of People Living with HIV
7. Economic Growth – Overview
8. Interactions Between HIV and Poverty
9. Disease Burden Across Population Sub-Groups
10. Trade-offs between Allocation to Health and Other Sectors
11. Domestic Public Funding for HIV
12. Trade-offs and Synergies between HIV and Other Health Objectives
13. Assessing Cost Effectiveness Across HIV and Health Interventions
14. External and Domestic Health Financing, and the Role of Public vs. Private Domestic Health Funding
15. Public and Private Provision of Health and HIV Services
16. Trade-offs within the HIV Budget
17. The Economics of HIV and of HIV Programmes in the Era of Covid-19
Brief 9: Disease Burden Across Population Sub-Groups
By Markus Haacker, Gesine Meyer-Rath
June 2021
Key Points
- HIV has increased mortality and slowed population growth. As a consequence, GDP is lower and will remain lower than it would have been without the impact of HIV.
- The population living with HIV is ageing – owing to the scaling-up of treatment and hence longer survival (especially for women), success in reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and (in most countries) a decline in HIV incidence.
- HIV prevalence has been higher among women, mainly because of higher incidence. The share of women among people living with HIV is increasing in the region, driven by higher treatment coverage and hence longer survival among women.
- Within countries, the epidemic is often distributed unevenly. Understanding the distribution of HIV and of gaps in service coverage is crucial for devising effective and cost-effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Technical Briefs
The technical briefs provide more detail on the evidence available on each of the topics.
1. The State of Programme Implementation to Reduce HIV Transmission & Aids-Related Mortality
2. Increased Health and Life Prospects and Their Economic Valuation
3. HIV, Population Dynamics and the Labour Force
4. Human Capital
5. Capital and Investment
6. Productivity and Employment of People Living with HIV
7. Economic Growth – Overview
8. Interactions Between HIV and Poverty
9. Disease Burden Across Population Sub-Groups
10. Trade-offs between Allocation to Health and Other Sectors
11. Domestic Public Funding for HIV
12. Trade-offs and Synergies between HIV and Other Health Objectives
13. Assessing Cost Effectiveness Across HIV and Health Interventions
14. External and Domestic Health Financing, and the Role of Public vs. Private Domestic Health Funding
15. Public and Private Provision of Health and HIV Services
16. Trade-offs within the HIV Budget
17. The Economics of HIV and of HIV Programmes in the Era of Covid-19
Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand